The 18 Most Breathtaking Castles in Europe I Discovered in 13 Years

During my 13-year journey across Europe, I discovered 18 of the most breathtaking castles. I want to take you on this adventure – come join me!
I traveled through Europe for a full 13 years, carrying my backpack, hopping off trains, and exploring every mountain and valley without hesitation. During this time, I saw countless castles and châteaux, but some truly left a lasting impression on my memory. Some were as beautiful as if they had stepped right out of a fairy tale, some sent shivers down your spine with their Gothic ambiance, and some were so mysterious that I couldn’t help but wonder if I might encounter a ghost upon entering.
Now, I will tell you about the 18 most enchanting castles I saw in Europe! If you’re thinking, “One day I’ll travel Europe too, but where should I start?” this list is just for you. Some castles are even more magical than Disney’s, while others look as if they have leapt straight out of history books! If you’re ready, let the discovery begin!
1. Neuschwanstein Castle (Germany) – Disney’s Real-Life Inspiration
Hidden in the lush Alps of Bavaria, Neuschwanstein Castle looks as if it has sprung straight from a fairy tale. So much so that even Walt Disney was inspired by this castle when designing the Sleeping Beauty Castle. In fact, the iconic towers and elegant silhouette you see in Disneyland were created with Neuschwanstein in mind. But it would be unfair to see this place as merely a movie set; this castle is the greatest masterpiece of the imagination of a real king, namely Bavaria’s King Ludwig II.
King Ludwig II did not have the castle built as a classic fortress, but rather as a completely fantastical sanctuary. Inside, you’ll find medieval knight themes,
So when should you visit Neuschwanstein? If you go in the summer, you’ll be greeted by a breathtaking view of the Alps’ lush valleys. But if you prefer to travel in the winter, a snowy ice kingdom awaits you. In short, this castle is a masterpiece in every season!
2. Peleș Castle (Romania) – Dracula’s Neighbor
Peleș Castle is one of Romania’s most impressive structures and is considered one of Europe’s most beautiful neo-Renaissance castles. Nestled in the enchanting nature of Transylvania, at the foothills of the Carpathian Mountains, this castle looks as if it were straight out of a movie scene. However, what makes it special isn’t just its exterior; inside, it offers a visual feast with gold leaf details, hand-carved wooden features, and vast art collections. If you’re looking for a more elegant and art-filled experience rather than a medieval Gothic fortress, Peleș is just right for you!
This magnificent castle was built in the 19th century by King Carol I of Romania as a summer residence. At that time, it was the first castle in Europe to be illuminated by electricity and even boasted a central heating system! King Carol I saw it as a temple of art, meticulously decorating every corner. The castle has over 160 rooms, each showcasing a different architectural style: you can see influences of Gothic, Renaissance, Ottoman, and Baroque all in one place. With so many details, you might wonder, “Did the king design this as a palace or as a museum?”
So when should you visit Peleș Castle? If you want to witness the captivating view under a blanket of snow, a winter visit is a great idea! However, seeing it in the summer as it blends with the vibrant green nature is equally delightful. Don’t forget that entrance to the castle is ticketed and there is an extra fee for taking photos inside. So, get your wallet ready for that perfect Instagram shot!
3. Château de Chambord (France) – Leonardo da Vinci’s Touch
Château de Chambord is one of the largest and most impressive castles in France. Known as the jewel of the Loire Valley, it is considered the pinnacle of French Renaissance architecture. With its towering turrets, expansive courtyard, and vast gardens, it is nothing short of a royal fantasy. When you look at the castle from the outside, you might think it looks more like a fantastical film set than reality! The most striking detail of this enchanting structure is its double spiral staircase, designed so that two people can ascend or descend simultaneously without ever meeting. Sounds a bit magical, doesn’t it? This design is said to be the work of Leonardo da Vinci!
The construction of the castle began in 1519 at the behest of King François I. The king, fascinated by the Italian Renaissance, wanted to infuse French architecture with a completely new spirit. This enormous structure in the Loire Valley boasts 440 rooms, 84 staircases, and 365 chimneys. In other words, the castle is so large that you could theoretically sleep in a different room every day! However, there’s an interesting story: King François I had it built but only spent 72 days there. All that grandeur essentially turned into an almost unused royal palace.
So when should you visit Château de Chambord? If you go in the spring or autumn, the gardens and the surrounding natural scenery are truly breathtaking. In the summer, the castle can get very crowded. Additionally, during Christmas time, the interior of Chambord is adorned with lights, creating a mesmerizing atmosphere. Keep in mind that it can take several hours to fully explore this massive castle, so wearing comfortable shoes is highly recommended!
4. Edinburgh Castle (Scotland) – A Giant on a Volcanic Rock
Edinburgh Castle is one of the most iconic landmarks of Scotland’s capital and has served throughout history both as a strategic fortress and a royal residence. Built on top of a volcanic rock, it not only provides natural protection but also offers a magnificent panoramic view of the city. With a history dating back to the 12th century, the castle is one of Scotland’s most visited tourist attractions and is considered one of the country’s most important symbols.
What makes the castle even more special isn’t just its breathtaking view; it also houses historical treasures such as Scotland’s Crown Jewels, the legendary Stone of Destiny, and the massive cannon known as Mons Meg. Additionally, it is home to St. Margaret’s Chapel, the oldest building in Edinburgh. The tradition of the One O’Clock Gun, where a cannon is fired daily at precisely 13:00, has been a time signal for the people of Edinburgh since the 19th century. So if you’re visiting Edinburgh Castle and suddenly hear a cannon blast, don’t be alarmed—it’s just a centuries-old Scottish tradition!
So when should you visit Edinburgh Castle? The best time is in August, when the famous Edinburgh Festival takes place and the city transforms into a cultural extravaganza. However, if you prefer to avoid crowds, a visit in the spring might be more enjoyable. Bear in mind that the castle is quite large and there are many areas to explore, so plan on spending at least 2-3 hours. And since it’s perched on a windy hill, always remember to take a jacket with you, regardless of the weather—Scottish weather is never predictable!
5. Hohenzollern Castle (Germany) – A Fairy Tale Above the Clouds
Hohenzollern Castle is one of Germany’s most magnificent structures and appears as if it were a fairy tale realm floating above the clouds. Built atop the high hills of Baden-Württemberg, this castle seems to vanish into the mist on foggy days, giving the impression of hovering in the air when viewed from afar. With its stunning views, architecture, and history, it truly offers a postcard-perfect scene.
The roots of this castle go back to the 11th century, although the structure we see today is a 19th-century reconstruction. King Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia grew up listening to stories about this place and, as an adult, had this magnificent castle rebuilt. Today, it still belongs to the Hohenzollern family and can be visited as both a private property and a public tourist attraction. Inside, you can see artifacts belonging to Prussian kings, royal treasures, and the legendary “Prussian Crown”.
So when should you visit Hohenzollern Castle? If you want to capture a fairy-tale panorama, visiting in the autumn is a great idea! Especially in the early morning, when the mist covers the valleys, the castle appears as if it has risen above the clouds. In the summer, you can enjoy a leisurely walk outdoors along the nature trails around the area. However, in the winter, when the castle is cloaked in snow, it transforms into a true fairy tale! Just remember that reaching the castle involves a bit of an uphill walk, so make sure to wear comfortable shoes.
6. Mont-Saint-Michel (France) – The Plaything of the Tides
Mont-Saint-Michel is one of the most enchanting and mysterious places in France. Depending on the tides, this unique structure sometimes becomes an island and sometimes a peninsula connected to the mainland, showcasing a perfect harmony between nature and architecture. This Gothic masterpiece, surrounded by the waters of the English Channel, continues to serve as a monastery to this day. If you’re thinking, “I want to visit a real medieval town one day,” then this is the perfect place for you!
This impressive structure was built as a monastery in the 8th century and was one of France’s most important religious centers for centuries. Over time, it became a haven not only for monks but also for merchants, knights, and even warriors. During the Hundred Years’ War, it was used as a key defensive point against the English, which is why it is surrounded by high, castle-like walls. Today, its narrow stone streets, ancient buildings, and its integration with the sea attract millions of tourists every year.
So when should you visit Mont-Saint-Michel? If you want to experience the most captivating view, plan your trip according to the tide schedule. Especially during rising tides, the castle becomes a mystical island completely surrounded by water, offering a truly enchanting view. But be careful! The tides move very quickly, so if you think “I’ll wait a little longer,” you might suddenly find yourself stranded in the middle of the water!
Also, since it can get very crowded in the summer, visiting in the spring or autumn might be more enjoyable.
7. Bran Castle (Romania) – The Home of the Dracula Legend
Bran Castle, also known as Dracula’s Castle, is one of Romania’s most famous landmarks and, with its Gothic architecture, draws visitors into the dark world of the Middle Ages. Its most notable feature is that it is thought to have inspired the legendary castle in Bram Stoker’s famous Dracula novel. However, the truth is that there is no conclusive evidence that Vlad the Impaler (also known as Vlad Tepes) actually lived here. But that doesn’t mean you won’t get goosebumps when you visit! The narrow stone corridors, ancient wooden doors, and dim lighting all contribute to an atmosphere that remains truly eerie.
Bran Castle was built in the 14th century as a strategic point to protect Transylvania against Ottoman invasions. Over the centuries, it has served as both a military fortress and a royal residence. Today, it is one of Romania’s most visited tourist attractions. Inside, you can view antique weapons, armors, and period furniture. There are also interactive exhibitions that recount the Dracula legend. If you want to fully immerse yourself in the castle’s mystical atmosphere, consider visiting around Halloween, when special events transform the setting into something straight out of a horror film!
So when should you visit Bran Castle? If you prefer to avoid crowds, the spring or autumn is the best time. In the summer, it can be very busy, especially on weekends with long queues. One of the most magical moments at the castle is the sunset, when the foggy valleys and dramatic scenery of Transylvania seem as if they were taken right out of a vampire tale. And while exploring, you might suddenly hear strange sounds from behind… But don’t worry, it’s probably just the old wooden floor creaking! (Or maybe... not?)
8. Alcázar of Segovia (Spain) – A Real Fairy Tale Castle
Alcázar of Segovia is one of Spain’s most captivating structures and looks just like a fairy tale castle. Built on a steep rocky outcrop, it not only has an impressive silhouette but also offers a strategic defensive advantage. If you ever thought it resembled one of Disney’s famous castle designs, you would be absolutely right! It is said to be one of the structures that inspired Walt Disney’s design of Cinderella’s Castle.
This impressive castle was built in the 12th century as a medieval fortress and evolved into one of Spain’s most important royal buildings. Spanish kings were crowned here – and even the famous Queen Isabella married King Ferdinand II here, uniting Castile and Aragon and laying the foundations for modern Spain. The interior is just as enchanting as the exterior; with Gothic architectural details, golden embellishments, and a massive throne hall, it exudes a truly regal atmosphere.
So when should you visit the Alcázar of Segovia? If you’re looking for a quiet and romantic atmosphere, spring is the best time. In the summer, the castle’s silhouette glows with warm golden hues at sunset, offering a magnificent view. While exploring, don’t forget to climb the narrow stone staircase and enjoy the panoramic view of Segovia. However, be aware that due to its hilltop location, it can be quite windy, so it’s a good idea to bring a light jacket!
9. Eilean Donan Castle (Scotland) – The Darling of the Movies
Eilean Donan Castle is one of Scotland’s most photographed landmarks and is considered one of the castles that best reflects Scotland’s natural beauty. Located in the heart of the Scottish Highlands, at the point where three bodies of water meet, this castle enchants its visitors with a mystical and romantic atmosphere. Frequently seen in films such as Highlander, James Bond – The World is Not Enough, and Braveheart, this impressive fortress might just make you feel like you’re part of an action scene!
The castle was built in the 13th century as a defensive stronghold against Viking attacks and served for centuries as one of the key centers of Scottish clans. Although it was largely destroyed by the English in 1719, it was rebuilt at the beginning of the 20th century to its current splendor. Today, the castle is open to visitors and houses fascinating exhibitions on Scottish history, antique furniture, and traditional weapon collections. When you visit, you can enjoy the unique view of Loch Duich from the castle’s terrace, experiencing one of Scotland’s most beautiful natural wonders.
So when should you visit Eilean Donan Castle? If you want to experience Scotland’s misty, dramatic atmosphere to the fullest, autumn or winter is the perfect time. For a visit that lets you enjoy the sunlit days and the most vibrant greens, the spring or summer is preferable. Don’t forget to capture photos at sunrise or sunset, as the castle’s reflection on the water creates a spectacular view. And remember, Scottish weather is unpredictable, so be sure not to leave without a waterproof jacket!
10. Prague Castle (Czech Republic) – The Castle in the Guinness Book of Records
Prague Castle is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the largest historic castle complex in the world. With its massive area of 70,000 square meters, it feels more like a city within a city than just a castle. Built in the 9th century, this castle is not only one of the most important historical structures in the Czech Republic but also in Europe. It houses significant buildings such as St. Vitus Cathedral, the Old Royal Palace, St. George’s Basilica, and the Golden Lane. Missing out on a visit to this castle would be a huge loss when in Prague!
Over the centuries, the castle has served as the official residence of Bohemian kings, Holy Roman Emperors, and Czech presidents. It boasts a unique architectural blend where Gothic, Baroque, and Renaissance elements coexist. One of the most impressive features is St. Vitus Cathedral, which captivates visitors with its magnificent stained glass windows and splendid interior design. Additionally, the charming street known as the Golden Lane once housed Prague’s craftsmen and alchemists, and today it is one of the city’s most popular tourist attractions.
So when should you visit Prague Castle? If you wish to avoid the crowds, it’s best to go early in the morning or later in the afternoon. In the summer, it tends to be very busy, but exploring Prague’s fairy-tale atmosphere in the spring and autumn is much more enjoyable. In winter, seeing Prague Castle under a blanket of snow is an entirely different experience! Don’t forget to wear comfortable shoes—the castle grounds are extensive and exploring them can take several hours!
11. Palace of Versailles (France) – The Definition of Luxury
The Palace of Versailles is not just a castle, but rather the epitome of royal power, splendor, and French art. Built in the 17th century by King Louis XIV of France, it was designed to showcase the might and magnificence of the ruler known as the “Sun King”. With over 600 rooms, vast gardens, and the magnificent Hall of Mirrors (Galerie des Glaces), it is undoubtedly one of the most splendid palaces in Europe.
One of the most striking features of the palace is the Hall of Mirrors, a 73-meter-long gallery adorned with 17 enormous mirrors. At the time, these mirrors were considered one of the most luxurious and expensive materials in Europe, and King Louis spared no expense in displaying the grandeur of Versailles. The palace also witnessed key events of the French Revolution, during which the royal family was forced to leave.
So when should you visit the Palace of Versailles? If you prefer a quiet trip away from the crowds, spring or autumn is your best bet. In the summer, Versailles can get very crowded, especially with tour groups and students. If you wish to explore the gardens, April and May are the months when the flowers are in full bloom. Additionally, the spectacular water shows and musical garden events held in June and July add a special charm to the palace’s atmosphere. But even in winter, the splendor inside Versailles is sure to captivate you!
12. Bled Castle (Slovenia) – A Fairy Tale Realm with a Lake View
Bled Castle boasts one of Europe’s most enchanting views and looks as if it has stepped right out of a postcard. Known as Slovenia’s oldest castle, it was built in the 11th century and sits atop a rocky hill overlooking Lake Bled. The castle, a blend of Gothic and Renaissance architecture, impresses not only with its historical ambiance but also with the panoramic view of the Alps and the lake.
It is one of Slovenia’s most visited tourist attractions and houses a museum, a wine cellar, and a restaurant serving traditional Slovenian cuisine. The museum section showcases the history of the Bled region, including ancient manuscripts and armors. In the wine cellar, you can taste wines made using traditional methods and even fill your own bottle as a souvenir. Additionally, the café on the castle terrace offers a unique spot to enjoy the lake view and the surrounding nature.
So when should you visit Bled Castle? If you go in the spring or summer, you can enjoy the stunning turquoise view of the lake. However, in the autumn, as the forests turn to shades of red and gold, the atmosphere changes entirely. In the winter, the area transforms into a snowy fairy tale, and the castle takes on an even more mystical air. Remember, the path to the castle is steep, so be sure to wear comfortable shoes!
13. Hohenwerfen Castle (Austria) – The Eagle’s Nest
Hohenwerfen Castle is perched high in the Austrian Alps, a true eagle’s nest. Located about 40 kilometers south of Salzburg, this majestic castle has withstood the harsh Alpine winds for over 900 years. Built in 1077 by Bavarian and Salzburg archbishops, it served for centuries as both a defensive stronghold and a refuge for nobility. Today, it offers an impressive itinerary where history, nature, and adventure come together.
One of the unique features of the castle is its steep cliffs and breathtaking views. When you reach the top, you have the chance to take in a panoramic view of the Salzach Valley and the surrounding mountains. Inside, the castle houses collections of medieval weapons, dungeons, and a museum of torture instruments. The dungeon area, in particular, offers visitors a fascinating (and slightly eerie) glimpse into the darker side of the castle’s history.
So when should you visit Hohenwerfen Castle? In the summer, you can enjoy the eagle demonstrations in the castle courtyard. The castle is home to some of the best-trained birds of prey in Europe, and during these demonstrations, eagles, falcons, and owls soar overhead, creating a true natural spectacle. In the winter, with the castle surrounded by snow-covered mountains, it transforms into a fairy tale. However, be mindful of the weather conditions, as heavy snowfall can sometimes make it difficult to reach the castle. Remember, you’ll need to traverse a steep hiking trail to get there, so wear comfortable shoes and dress for the wind!
14. Lichtenstein Castle (Germany) – A Fairy Tale Beauty
Lichtenstein Castle is one of the most eye-catching and yet lesser-known castles in Germany. Built on a steep slope in the heart of the Baden-Württemberg region, this castle offers its visitors a fairy-tale atmosphere. It takes its name from Wilhelm Hauff’s 19th-century novel “Lichtenstein,” which is set here. Although it looks like a medieval fortress, this castle was actually built in the 1840s and is considered one of the most elegant examples of Neo-Gothic architecture.
While it may not have the grandeur of larger castles, it charms with its elegant towers, stone bridges, and dramatic location on the edge of a gorge, giving it a unique appeal. Its small and compact design allows for a delightful tour without taking too much time indoors. Inside, you can find knight’s armors, Gothic stained glass, and historical artifacts. The castle’s unusual location and the enchanting forest trails around it also make it a popular destination for hikers.
So when should you visit Lichtenstein Castle? In the spring and summer, when nature around the castle awakens with a lush backdrop, but in the autumn, the castle is surrounded by magnificent golden and reddish leaves, creating a truly enchanting atmosphere. In the winter, covered in snow, it looks as if it has stepped right out of a fairy tale. Since the castle is about 1 hour away from Stuttgart, it’s an excellent option for a day trip. And don’t forget, guided tours are required to explore the interior, so planning your visit in advance is a good idea!
15. Conwy Castle (Wales) – A Silent Witness to the Middle Ages
Conwy Castle is one of the best-preserved and most impressive medieval castles in Wales. Built in the 13th century by King Edward I, this castle served as an important defensive point during England’s conquest of Wales. With its coastal location and eight majestic towers, Conwy Castle feels like a time capsule. As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, it today offers visitors the chance to experience firsthand the military architecture and royal strategies of the Middle Ages.
Upon entering the castle, you are greeted with one of the most captivating views in Wales. The high walls overlooking the River Conwy allow you to observe the town and its harbor from a bird’s-eye perspective. Inside, you can explore grand halls, military barracks, and royal chambers. In particular, a walk along the castle walls offers visitors breathtaking panoramic views. As you wander, you might even feel like a medieval knight defending these very walls.
So when should you visit Conwy Castle? If you want to delve into history and avoid the crowds, spring and autumn are the ideal times. In the summer, the castle can be crowded with tour groups, though this is also a season when the town comes alive with festivals around the castle. In the winter, the castle transforms into a truly Gothic film scene with its foggy and somber ambiance. Remember, entrance to the castle is ticketed and exploring the ramparts involves quite a bit of walking, so be sure to wear comfortable shoes!
16. Bojnice Castle (Slovakia) – One of Europe’s Most Romantic Castles
Bojnice Castle is considered one of the most enchanting and romantic castles in Europe. Nestled in the heart of Slovakia amidst lush nature, this castle looks as if it has leapt straight from a fairy tale. With its elegant towers, ornate façades, and mystical atmosphere, it is a true architectural marvel reminiscent of Disney’s animated castles. Having been rebuilt several times since the Middle Ages, it now stands as one of the finest examples of Neo-Gothic and Renaissance architecture.
This majestic structure has hosted royal families and aristocrats since the 12th century and has undergone numerous renovations over time. The form we see today was redesigned in the 19th century by Count János Pálffy, inspired by French castles. Its most striking features include gold leaf-adorned halls, Gothic arches, and mesmerizing frescoes. Additionally, the castle boasts a large underground cavern and secret tunnels, making it as exciting for the adventurous spirit as it is visually stunning.
So when should you visit Bojnice Castle? If you’re looking for a romantic setting, the blooming gardens and sunlit, golden towers in the spring or summer offer a breathtaking view. However, the famous Bojnice Ghost Festival, held at Halloween, might be one of the most interesting times to visit the castle! During that period, the castle takes on a mystical ambiance and special events are organized for visitors. In the winter, it transforms into a captivating fairy tale under the snow. Don’t forget that guided tours are available, so it’s a good idea to book in advance!
17. Trakai Castle (Lithuania) – A Castle on a Lake
Trakai Castle is one of Lithuania’s most iconic landmarks and is considered one of the most beautiful water castles in the Baltic region. Located on a small island in the middle of Lake Galvė, this historic castle offers a picture-perfect view as its silhouette reflects on the water, almost like a postcard. Built in the 14th century by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, it once served as the residence of great dukes and a key defensive point. Today, it functions as a museum and welcomes thousands of visitors each year.
The castle impresses with its red-brick Gothic architecture and houses exhibits of medieval armors, weapons, and historical documents. As you explore the stone courtyards, Gothic halls, and towers, you might feel like a medieval knight. Additionally, an interesting feature of Trakai is that it is one of the historical centers of the Kara-Turks in Lithuania. In the surrounding area, you can still find traditional Kara houses and cuisine. Don’t forget to try the famous kibinai while you’re there!
So when should you visit Trakai Castle? If you go in the summer, you can join a boat tour on the lake and explore the castle from the water. In the autumn, the lake framed by golden-hued leaves becomes even more enchanting. In the winter, you can walk across the frozen lake and experience the castle as a snowy fairy tale. Keep in mind that weekends can be very crowded, so it’s best to go early in the day!
18. Karlštejn Castle (Czech Republic) – Bohemia’s Greatest Treasure
Karlštejn Castle is one of the most magnificent castles in the Czech Republic and is regarded as one of the best-preserved structures of medieval Europe. Built in the 14th century by Emperor Charles IV of the Holy Roman Empire, it is located just 30 kilometers from Prague and is one of the most important historical symbols of the Czech Republic. It houses valuable treasures, jewels, and sacred relics of the Holy Roman Empire and was used for many years as a royal treasury. This castle, which once served as a secure refuge for knights, emperors, and clergymen, has been associated with legends and mystical stories for centuries.
One of the castle’s most significant sections is the chapel area, particularly the Holy Cross Chapel, which, with its golden embellishments, gemstone-adorned walls, and magnificent frescoes, is a true masterpiece. The inner sections of the castle showcase the finest details of Gothic architecture and display historical documents, royal paintings, and knightly armors. To truly experience the grandeur of Karlštejn Castle, you can climb the towers and enjoy the view of Bohemia’s lush valleys and the surrounding villages.
So when should you visit Karlštejn Castle? Spring and summer are wonderful times to explore the castle, as nature awakens and the surrounding green hills offer a breathtaking view. In the autumn, the forest, draped in shades of red and orange, transforms the area into a true medieval fairy tale. In the winter, the castle takes on a mystical atmosphere under a blanket of snow. But remember, you’ll need to do some walking to reach the castle, so don’t forget to wear comfortable shoes!
Are you ready to discover the most enchanting castles in Europe? If you are passionate about history and architecture, the fairy-tale atmosphere of Neuschwanstein Castle, the splendor of the Palace of Versailles, or the legendary treasures of Karlštejn Castle might leave you in awe. And if you’re looking for an experience intertwined with nature, the lake view from Bled Castle or the location of Eilean Donan Castle amid Scotland’s misty mountains might be just what you need. Craving even more mystery and Gothic ambiance? Then follow the traces of Dracula at Bran Castle or explore the mystical world of Mont-Saint-Michel, which changes with the tides.
Which castle impressed you the most? Share your thoughts in the comments, and perhaps together we can chart a new route of discovery!
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