Europa Tips: 10 Unforgettable Historic Sites in Gallipoli

Plan a trip to Gallipoli in March! Explore WWI memorials, cemeteries, and historic fortresses for an unforgettable journey.

Gelibolu is a unique place that captivates its visitors with both its natural beauty and its profound historical legacy. This region, which served as a strategic fortress for the Ottoman Empire, is notably remembered in history as one of the most critical fronts of the Çanakkale Campaign. Today, when you set foot on the Gallipoli Peninsula, you can see the traces of this great battle in every corner and explore the impressive monuments and preserved historical structures erected in honor of the martyrs.

However, Gelibolu stands out not only for its war history but also for being an important settlement since ancient times. Here you can find many significant relics, from the fortresses commissioned by Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror to the ancient city of Troy mentioned in Homer’s epics. If you are interested in history, get ready to explore this unforgettable region! Here are 10 historical sites you must see in Gelibolu:

1. Kilitbahir Fortress (1462) – The Ottoman Guardian of the Strait

Kilitbahir Fortress, Gelibolu, Çanakkale

Built by Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror in 1462, Kilitbahir Fortress rose as one of the most important building blocks of the Ottoman strategy to protect the Dardanelles Strait. Named to mean “Lock of the Sea,” this magnificent fortress holds great importance in terms of military defense and was designed as a counterpart to Rumeli Hisarı. Constructed at the narrowest point of the strait, this fortress was a critical maneuver that strengthened Ottoman control over the passage before the conquest of Istanbul.

Kilitbahir Fortress boasts the most advanced fortress architecture of its time with its cloverleaf design. This unique form provided more effective defense against enemy attacks and once again showcased the military genius of the Ottomans. As you wander through the fortress, the narrow and steep staircases allow you to feel the military structure of that era. Especially when you climb the ramparts, the breathtaking view of the Dardanelles Strait greets you and helps you better understand its strategic importance.

Today, Kilitbahir Fortress, restored and open to visitors, is like a time tunnel for history enthusiasts. When you visit the fortress, you can see firsthand how the Ottoman maritime and defense strategies were shaped and explore the old artillery positions used to block enemy navies from crossing.

📍 Located in Eceabat, by the strait.

2. Namazgâh and Hamidiye Emplacements (19th Century) – Witnesses of War

Namazgâh and Hamidiye Emplacements, Gelibolu, Çanakkale

These emplacements, built during the Ottoman period for defense purposes, played a significant role during the Çanakkale Campaign. The Namazgâh Emplacement held an important position in the Ottoman army’s strategy to defend the Dardanelles Strait. Used as an area for soldiers to rest, dine, and store ammunition, this site was heavily bombarded during the battle, yet it has managed to stand the test of time.

Located right next to the Namazgâh Emplacement are the Hamidiye Emplacements, constructed during the reign of Abdulhamid II as part of the Ottoman transition to modern defense systems. These larger and more durable structures were especially used to prevent enemy navies from passing through the strait. Still open to visitors today, these sites showcase the struggle of the Ottoman artillery in halting enemy ships during the war.

These emplacements offer a unique experience for those who want to closely observe the Ottoman defense strategies. When you visit, you can examine the artillery positions and trenches bearing the marks of history and gain a better understanding of the atmosphere during the battle. Namazgâh and Hamidiye Emplacements are must-see sites for history enthusiasts and travelers interested in military history.

📍 Very close to Kilitbahir Fortress.

3. Eceabat – Where History Leaves Its Mark

A Museum in Eceabat

Located on the European side of the Dardanelles, Eceabat has long been a coveted settlement due to its strategic importance throughout history. Formerly known as Maydos, this district has been influenced by countless civilizations including the Luwians, Trojans, Hittites, Thracians, Lydians, Persians, Byzantines, and Ottomans. Therefore, Eceabat not only reflects Ottoman history but also boasts an ancient heritage dating back to much earlier times.

Eceabat played a significant role during the Çanakkale Campaign. The Ottoman units stationed here formed critical defensive lines on the Gallipoli Peninsula, constructing emplacements and trenches to control the strait. Today, the area is home to many monuments, museums, and cemeteries that bear the marks of the battle. When you visit, you will deeply feel how history was shaped on these lands.

Not only does Eceabat captivate with its war history, but its natural beauty and unique scenery also make it a destination easily reachable by ferry from Çanakkale. Upon arrival, its clean air, deep blue sea, and rows of historical structures along the coast create an enchanting atmosphere. Particularly at sunset, the mesmerizing view of the strait during excursions reaffirms just how special this place is.

Today, Eceabat offers visitors an unforgettable journey intertwined with history. For those eager to explore historical sites, witness the traces of war, and experience this unique ambiance, it is a destination not to be missed. If you are going to Çanakkale, you must not leave without visiting Eceabat.

📍 On the coast of the Dardanelles.

4. Nuri Yamut Monument (1943) – A Silent Memorial

Located on the Gallipoli Peninsula, the Nuri Yamut Monument is a silent tribute erected in memory of the thousands of soldiers who lost their lives during the Zığındere Battles. This area witnessed some of the fiercest clashes of World War I between the Ottoman and allied forces, and the remains of over 10,000 soldiers lie buried beneath the ground, starkly revealing the devastation of war.

Commanded by the II Corps Commander, Nuri Yamut Pasha, the responsibility of constructing a monument for the martyrs in Gelibolu was undertaken and realized in 1943. This site not only commemorates Turkish soldiers but also honors all those who fought and perished on these lands. Perhaps one of the least known yet most emotionally resonant sites of the Çanakkale Campaign, this monument is a must-visit to grasp the harsh realities of war.

The monument features a simple yet impressive design carved into a large stone block. When you visit, you can feel the echoes of battle and embark on a profound journey through history in the quietude of the Zığındere Valley. Especially during the early morning or at sunset, the silence allows you to experience history on a deeper level.

For those visiting Gelibolu, the Nuri Yamut Monument is not only a cemetery but also a face of history that must not be forgotten. Anyone wishing to understand the epic struggle of Çanakkale and to feel a hint of what occurred here should visit this site.

📍 In the Sargı Area.

5. Trojan Horse and the Ancient City of Troy (c. 3000 - 1200 BC) – The Birthplace of a Legend

Trojan Horse, Gelibolu, Çanakkale

The ancient city of Troy, the setting of the legendary Trojan War, is not merely a myth but one of the most significant archaeological discoveries in history. Mentioned in Homer’s famous Iliad, this city has been rebuilt and preserved by various civilizations over thousands of years. Inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List, this area offers visitors a blend of myth and tangible history.

One of Troy’s most striking features is that it has been rebuilt a total of 7 times in different eras. Excavations have revealed structures and artifacts from different periods in each layer, demonstrating that Troy was continuously used as a settlement throughout history. The ancient city's walls, temples, and palace ruins showcase the architectural ingenuity of the time. If you are a history buff, wandering here feels like traveling back thousands of years.

The Trojan Horse is one of the most iconic figures associated with Troy. Known as one of history’s greatest military ruses, this wooden horse enabled the Greek soldiers to breach Troy’s walls, leading to the city’s downfall. Today, a replica of the Trojan Horse is exhibited in central Çanakkale. Additionally, a colossal Trojan Horse used in the 2004 Hollywood film "Troy" is presented by the coast for visitors.

Ancient City of Troy, Çanakkale

If you wish to visit the Ancient City of Troy, the nearest settlement is Tevfikiye Village. The ancient city can be explored on guided tours, and the museum at the excavation site offers a close-up look at the discovered artifacts. Mythology enthusiasts will be enchanted by Troy’s rich legends, while history lovers will enjoy uncovering the real discoveries from the digs.

📍 30 km away from Çanakkale.

6. Seyit Onbaşı Monument (1996) – The Hero Who Carried a 276 KG Cannonball

Seyit Onbaşı Monument, Çanakkale

One of the most unforgettable heroes of the Çanakkale Campaign, Seyit Onbaşı, dealt a major blow to the British warship HMS Ocean by shoulder-loading a 276 kg cannonball during one of the battle’s most critical moments. On the morning of 18 March 1915, when the allied fleet attacked through the Dardanelles with the aim of capturing Istanbul, the Ottoman soldiers were determined to fight until their last breath. However, at the most intense moment of the battle, the cannon’s breech malfunctioned, rendering the ammunition unable to be fired.

At that very moment, Seyit Onbaşı displayed extraordinary strength by hoisting the 276 kg cannonball onto his back and placing it into the cannon’s barrel three times. On the third shot, the cannonball hit the Ocean, causing severe damage to the ship. Later, after striking a mine, the ship had to be abandoned by its crew and eventually sank. This heroic act by Seyit Onbaşı became one of the turning points of the battle, etching his name in history in bold letters.

Following this event, Seyit Onbaşı’s fame spread rapidly. Although he was offered a hero’s medal after the war, he chose to return home and take up farming. Years later, when asked to reenact his heroic moment, he admitted that he could not lift the same cannonball again and stated, "If there is war, I will lift it again." These words further proved his status as a true war hero.

Today, the Seyit Onbaşı Monument stands at Rumeli Mecidiye Emplacement as a symbol immortalizing his heroism. Visitors can see the statue that honors his memory along with the artillery batteries that bear the marks of battle. Anyone coming to Çanakkale should visit the Seyit Onbaşı Monument to experience the epic story of this hero firsthand.

📍 At Rumeli Mecidiye Emplacement.

7. Çanakkale Martyrs’ Memorial (1960) – In Tribute to 253,000 Heroes

Çanakkale Martyrs’ Memorial

Built in memory of the 253,000 Turkish soldiers who lost their lives during the Çanakkale Campaign, the Çanakkale Martyrs’ Memorial is one of the most meaningful and impressive monuments on the Gallipoli Peninsula. With a height of 41.7 meters, this memorial has become a symbol of Çanakkale, reflecting both the horror of war and the heroism of its soldiers. The monument is situated in front of Morto Bay, on Hisarlık Hill, and its imposing structure can be seen from all over the Gallipoli Peninsula.

The construction of the Martyrs’ Memorial began in 1954 and was completed in 1960. The four large columns of the structure represent the determination and resilience of the Turkish nation, while the 25x25 meter pedestal atop symbolizes the deep respect for our martyrs. Inside and around the memorial, you will find the Book of Martyrs listing the names of the soldiers who perished during the battle, as well as a relief of the Turkish Flag.

When you visit, you not only relive the memory of the battle but also have the opportunity to enjoy the magnificent view of the Dardanelles. Every year on 18 March, Çanakkale Victory and Martyrs’ Remembrance Day, thousands gather here to commemorate our fallen heroes.

The Çanakkale Martyrs’ Memorial is one of the most important monuments that everyone visiting Gelibolu should see. As you stroll through the area, you can deeply feel the bloodshed of the battle and the heroic valor of the Turkish soldier. If you are interested in history and plan to visit the sites of the Çanakkale Campaign, you must add this to your list.

📍 In front of Morto Bay, on Hisarlık Hill.

8. 57th Regiment Cemetery (1992) – “I Order You Not to Attack, But to Die!”

57th Regiment Cemetery

One of the most epic tales of heroism during the Çanakkale Campaign was written on the morning of 25 April 1915. It was on these lands that the historic words of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, "I order you not to attack, but to die!" rang out. The 57th Regiment, one of the units fighting on the front lines of the Gallipoli Peninsula against the advancing Anzac forces, fought to the last breath without considering retreat. Today, the fact that the Turkish Army will never reestablish the 57th Regiment stands as one of the greatest tributes to the sacrifice of these heroes.

The 57th Regiment Cemetery is located on the Kabatepe-Conkbayırı road, which witnessed one of the bloodiest episodes of the battle. Here, almost all soldiers of the regiment were martyred, and not a single one returned, rendering these grounds sacred. At the entrance to the cemetery, an inscription stating "On these lands lie heroes of a nation" reminds every visitor of the unwavering determination of these soldiers.

The memorial features symbolic gravestones for the soldiers of the 57th Regiment, a relief of Atatürk, and an inscription of his famous command. As you walk here, you feel not only the stones but also the footsteps of history. The trenches, firing positions, and remnants of the battle serve as silent witnesses to the struggle endured on these grounds. It is known that every soldier of the 57th Regiment fought until his last breath, imbuing the site with a special atmosphere of sorrow and respect.

If you are visiting Gelibolu, be sure to add the 57th Regiment Cemetery to your itinerary. Here, you not only witness a historical monument, but you also deeply feel the sacrifice and patriotism of the Turkish soldier. Everyone coming to Çanakkale should pause before this memorial, close their eyes, and imagine that day.

📍 Along the Kabatepe - Conkbayırı road.

9. Conk Bayırı (1915) – The Shrapnel that Hit Atatürk’s Chest

Conk Bayırı is one of the most critical points of the Çanakkale Campaign. After the Anzac landing that began on 25 April 1915, under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the Ottoman forces engaged in fierce combat here to halt the enemy’s advance. This area became one of the most important defensive lines that determined the fate of the war, and thanks to the superior resistance of the Ottoman soldiers, the enemy’s progress was stopped.

This region is also remembered as the place where a piece of shrapnel hit Atatürk’s chest. Thanks to the watch he carried in his pocket, Atatürk narrowly escaped death, and this incident further bolstered his determination on the battlefield. He later recounted this moment by saying, "Had it not been for that watch, I might not be here today." This event underscores the tremendous impact of Atatürk’s courage and military leadership.

Conk Bayırı is not only a battlefield but also one of the sites that highlight Atatürk’s military genius. The orders given here formed the backbone of the Ottoman resistance on the Çanakkale front. The advance of the Anzac forces was halted by a maneuver that changed the course of the war. Today, at this spot, there is a monument that marks the place where Atatürk stood during the battle along with a relief depicting the shrapnel that hit his chest.

Anzac Cove

If you visit Conk Bayırı, you will have the opportunity to closely examine the trenches, monuments, and battle remnants used by the Ottoman soldiers. Moreover, you can enjoy the magnificent view of Anzac Cove, feeling the traces of the past with every glance. This is one of the most important sites for anyone who wishes to understand the spirit of Çanakkale.

📍 Just above Anzac Cove.

10. Sargı Yeri Cemetery (1947, Renovated 1995) – A Hospital in the Shadow of War

Sargı Yeri Cemetery is a sacred site that witnessed one of the most dramatic scenes of the Çanakkale Campaign. During the most intense days of the battle, an open-air hospital was established here to treat wounded soldiers. However, this hospital was targeted by enemy forces and suffered a great tragedy on 28 June 1915 when artillery fire from British warships rained down upon it. Not only Turkish soldiers but also British and French soldiers receiving treatment here lost their lives. This incident once again revealed the brutal face of war.

The location was chosen as a hospital because it was relatively sheltered and slightly farther from the front lines. However, the bombardment by enemy forces completely destroyed the hospital, and hundreds of wounded soldiers lost their lives on site. During the attack, even Turkish medical personnel and wounded enemy soldiers perished, highlighting the inhumanity of war.

Today, Sargı Yeri Cemetery stands as a monument reminding us of how devastating the effects of war were not only on the front but also behind the lines. Visitors here are once again made aware that war is filled not only with acts of heroism but also with tragedies. The area where the monument is located, with its silence and peaceful atmosphere, serves as a tribute to the souls of the soldiers who lost their lives here.

If you want to truly understand the war history of Çanakkale and feel what happened here, you must visit Sargı Yeri Cemetery. It remains etched in memory both as a cemetery and as a monument that reveals the human tragedies of war.

📍 To the west of Alçıtepe Village, in the Zigindere Valley.

The Gallipoli Peninsula is of great significance not only for Turkey but also for world history. These lands were the battleground where soldiers from all corners of the world clashed a century ago, where thousands of lives were lost, and where epic tales of heroism were written. Today, it has become a memorial area symbolizing peace and friendship, remembering the sorrows of the past without forgetting them.

Every year in March, on the anniversary of the Çanakkale Campaign, people from Australia, New Zealand, India, the United Kingdom, France, and many other countries come to these sacred lands where their ancestors fought and died, keeping their memory alive. Particularly, the Anzac Day ceremonies demonstrate that war results not only in losses but also in international friendships. Everyone visiting this region not only feels the terrifying reality of war but also understands how precious peace truly is.

Visiting Gelibolu is not just a trip, it is a meaningful journey into history. With every step you take here, you feel the traces of the past, the tales of heroism, and the sacrifices made. From the ramparts of Kilitbahir Fortress to Conk Bayırı, from the 57th Regiment Cemetery to the Çanakkale Martyrs’ Memorial, every site whispers the voices of history. Remembering both the heroes and the losses of war helps us better understand the importance of preserving peace in the future.

If you are passionate about history, visiting Gelibolu is one of the most powerful ways to feel and understand the past. It is our collective responsibility to remember what happened here and pass it on to future generations. Visit Gelibolu, feel the meaning carried by these lands firsthand, and become a part of history.

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Publish Date: 23 Feb 2025

| Author: Europa Tips

| Category: Historical Europe